Retirement ages across Europe vary significantly – with the youngest being just 60.
Demographic trends, economic policies and cultural values have shaped these differences.
However, across Europe, people are being pressured to work longer.
The UK currently sets its state pension age at 66, with planned increases to 67 between 2026 and 2028 – and 68 by 2046.
This increase would put it above the current highest retirement age in Europe, which is 67.
This rise reflects efforts to address the financial strain caused by longer life expectancies. As governments grapple with ageing populations, many push reforms to raise the retirement threshold – which often triggers a fierce public backlash.
Across the Channel, there were riots when France raised its retirement age from 62 to 64 to tackle a €13 billion annual pension deficit.
Demonstrators argued that the reform disproportionately affects blue-collar workers, who often have physically demanding jobs.
Critics also see the move as a departure from France’s strong tradition of worker protections.
President Emmanuel Macron bypassed parliamentary approval using constitutional powers, which further inflamed public dissent.
Greece, Italy, and Denmark have the highest retirement ages in Europe – at 67. This has been driven by economic reforms and aging populations.
Greece raised its retirement age as part of austerity measures following its economic crisis. The rise was designed to ensure pension system sustainability – and workers qualify only after contributing for at least 15 years
Ukraine has the earliest retirement age in Europe. The war-torn nation’s 60-year-old retirement age reflects shorter life expectancy and economic challenges.
Policymakers aim to provide security for retirees in a country with constrained resources and ongoing conflict.
