Research previously named England’s “left behind” neighbourhoods – and there were more than 200 of them. In 2018, The Local Trust commissioned Oxford Consultants for Social Inclusion (OCSI) to put together data analysis showing the impact of social infrastructure on outcomes in England’s deprived communities.
The Local Trust was established in 2012 to deliver the National Lottery Community Fund-funded programme Big Local, which is providing 150 neighbourhoods across England £1m each to use to improve the area they see fit. The organisation said on its website that its experience of delivering the programme “indicated that social infrastructure – defined as places and spaces to meet, connectivity (physical and digital) and community engagement – is a key determinant of the prospects of neighbourhoods and their residents”.
The research used data from two indices: the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), which is produced by the Government, as well as the Community Needs Index (CNI), which the Local Trust and OCSI partnered on to create.
The charity said combining the two made it possible to identify neighbourhoods facing “the double disadvantage of being severely deprived and having the least social infrastructure in the country”.
The original research identified 206 “left behind” neighbourhoods in England, defined by the trust as places that “have tended not to receive their fair share of available investment and they therefore lack the services and facilities that many of us take for granted”.
A 2020 update incorporated changes to the Index of Multiple Deprivation, which it said showed that 225 wards fell into this category at the time.
It noted that the neighbourhoods were predominantly located in post-industrial and coastal areas of the North of England and the Midlands.
Residents of these areas were found to have “markedly worse socio-economic outcomes than the residents of other equally deprived areas”, which suggested “the value and importance of social infrastructure”.
The Local Trust said research found that neighbourhoods that are “doubly disadvantaged” see greater challenges across various life outcomes, “including higher rates of poverty, lower educational attainment, and worse population health”.
It noted that there were very few neighbourhoods that fell into the “left behind” category in London and other city centres, and that while they have significant problems with deprivation, a proliferation of social infrastructure means they had “low community need as defined by our Community Needs Index”.
However, it’s worth noting that the research was published in 2020, and there has been a subsequent update to the Community Needs Index data.
Earlier this year, government announced £1.5billion in funding for 75 selected communities as part of its Plan for Neighbourhoods.
Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) said in press release that the funds would be “handed to towns across the UK to tackle deprivation and turbocharge growth as every area joins the decade of national renewal committed to in our Plan for Change”.
Alex Norris, who was Minister for Local Growth and Building Safety at the time before moving to the Home Office, said: “When our local neighbourhoods thrive, the rest of the country thrives too. That’s why we are empowering communities to take control of their futures and create the regeneration and growth they want to see.
“Our Plan for Neighbourhoods we will deliver long-term funding that will bolster that inner community spirit in us all and relight the fires in corners of the UK that have for too long been left fighting for survival.
“This, along with our ambitious reforms to streamline the planning system, devolve powers and strengthen workers’ rights, will help get places and people thriving once again.”
Express.co.uk has approached the MHCLG for comment via email.
You can find the full list of “left behind” neighbourhoods identified in the previous research below:
Ward | Local Authority | Region |
Central & New Cross | Ashfield | East Midlands |
Abbey Hulton and Townsend | Stoke-on-Trent | West Midlands |
Adwick le Street & Carcroft | Doncaster | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Airedale and Ferry Fryston | Wakefield | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Alton Park | Tendring | East of England |
Annfield Plain | County Durham | North East |
Appleton | Halton | North West |
Atherton | Wigan | North West |
Avondale Grange | Kettering | East Midlands |
Aycliffe West | County Durham | North East |
Balby South | Doncaster | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Balderstone and Kirkholt | Rochdale | North West |
Barrow Island | Barrow-in-Furness | North West |
Bartley Green | Birmingham | West Midlands |
Becontree | Barking and Dagenham | London |
Bede | South Tyneside | North East |
Belle Vale | Liverpool | North West |
Bentilee and Ubberley | Stoke-on-Trent | West Midlands |
Bentley | Doncaster | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Berwick Hills & Pallister | Middlesbrough | North East |
Bestwood | Nottingham | East Midlands |
Biddick and All Saints | South Tyneside | North East |
Bidston and St James | Wirral | North West |
Bilston East | Wolverhampton | West Midlands |
Binley and Willenhall | Coventry | West Midlands |
Bitterne | Southampton | South East |
Blackhalls | County Durham | North East |
Bloomfield | Blackpool | North West |
Bloxwich West | Walsall | West Midlands |
Blurton West and Newstead | Stoke-on-Trent | West Midlands |
Bondfields | Havant | South East |
Boscombe West | Bournemouth | South West |
Brambles & Thorntree | Middlesbrough | North East |
Bransholme East | Kingston upon Hull, City of | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Bransholme West | Kingston upon Hull, City of | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Breightmet | Bolton | North West |
Brookside | Telford and Wrekin | West Midlands |
Brunshaw | Burnley | North West |
Byker | Newcastle upon Tyne | North East |
Camp Hill | Nuneaton and Bedworth | West Midlands |
Castle | Sunderland | North East |
Charlestown | Manchester | North West |
Cherryfield | Knowsley | North West |
Choppington | Northumberland | North East |
Clarkson | Fenland | East of England |
Clifton South | Nottingham | East Midlands |
Cliftonville West | Thanet | South East |
Clover Hill | Pendle | North West |
College | Northumberland | North East |
Coundon | County Durham | North East |
Cowpen | Northumberland | North East |
Craghead and South Moor | County Durham | North East |
Crewe St Barnabas | Cheshire East | North West |
Dane Valley | Thanet | South East |
Darlaston South | Walsall | West Midlands |
De Bruce | Hartlepool | North East |
Dearne North | Barnsley | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Dearne South | Barnsley | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Deneside | County Durham | North East |
Easington | County Durham | North East |
East Park | Wolverhampton | West Midlands |
Eastcliff | Thanet | South East |
Eston | Redcar and Cleveland | North East |
Farnworth | Bolton | North West |
Fenside | Boston | East Midlands |
Ferryhill | County Durham | North East |
Fieldway | Croydon | London |
Folkestone Central | Folkestone and Hyth | South East |
Gainsborough East | West Lindsey | East Midlands |
Gamesley | High Peak | East Midlands |
Gawthorpe | Burnley | North West |
Golf Green | Tendring | East of England |
Gorse Hill | Worcester | West Midlands |
Grange | Gosport | South East |
Grange | Halton | North West |
Grangetown | Redcar and Cleveland | North East |
Greenhill | North West Leicestershire | East Midlands |
Halewood South | Knowsley | North West |
Halton Brook | Halton | North West |
Halton Castle | Halton | North West |
Halton Lea | Halton | North West |
Hardwick and Salters Lane | Stockton-on-Tees | North East |
Harper Green | Bolton | North West |
Harpurhey | Manchester | North West |
Hartcliffe and Withywood | Bristol, City of | South West |
Harwich East | Tendring | East of England |
Hateley Heath | Sandwell | West Midlands |
Headland and Harbour | Hartlepool | North East |
Hemlington | Middlesbrough | North East |
Hemsworth | Wakefield | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Hendon | Sunderland | North East |
Henley | Coventry | West Midlands |
Hetton | Sunderland | North East |
Hodge Hill | Birmingham | West Midlands |
Horden | County Durham | North East |
Hough Green | Halton | North West |
Hyde Godley | Tameside | North West |
Irwell | Rossendale | North West |
Isabella | Northumberland | North East |
Jesmond | Hartlepool | North East |
Kings Heath | Northampton | East Midlands |
Kings Norton | Birmingham | West Midlands |
Kingshurst and Fordbridge | Solihull | West Midlands |
Kingstanding | Birmingham | West Midlands |
Kingswood & Hazel Leys | Corby | East Midlands |
Kirkleatham | Redcar and Cleveland | North East |
Kitty Brewster | Northumberland | North East |
Knottingley | Wakefield | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Langley | Sandwell | West Midlands |
Lee Chapel North | Basildon | East of England |
Leigh West | Wigan | North West |
Little Hulton | Salford | North West |
Littlemoor | Dorset | South West |
Longbridge | Birmingham | West Midlands |
Longdendale | Tameside | North West |
Longford | Coventry | West Midlands |
Longhill | Kingston upon Hull, City of | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Loundsley Green | Chesterfield | East Midlands |
Magdalen | Great Yarmouth | East of England |
Maltby | Rotherham | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Mandale and Victoria | Stockton-on-Tees | North East |
Manor House | Hartlepool | North East |
Marfleet | Kingston upon Hull, City of | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Meir North | Stoke-on-Trent | West Midlands |
Meir South | Stoke-on-Trent | West Midlands |
Mersey | Halton | North West |
Mexborough | Doncaster | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Middleton Park | Leeds | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Miles Platting and Newton Heath | Manchester | North West |
Monk Bretton | Barnsley | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Moorclose | Allerdale | North West |
Moorside | West Lancashire | North West |
Moss Bay | Allerdale | North West |
Nelson | Great Yarmouth | East of England |
Newbiggin Central and East | Northumberland | North East |
Newgate | Mansfield | East Midlands |
Newington | Thanet | South East |
Norris Green | Liverpool | North West |
North Ormesby | Middlesbrough | North East |
Northwood | Knowsley | North West |
Northwood | Thanet | South East |
Norton South | Halton | North West |
Norton South | Stockton on Tees | North East |
Oak Tree | Mansfield | East Midlands |
Orchard Park and Greenwood | Kingston upon Hull, City of | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Page Moss | Knowsley | North West |
Park End & Beckfield | Middlesbrough | North East |
Parr | St. Helens | North West |
Paulsgrove | Portsmouth | South East |
Pemberton | Wigan | North West |
Peterlee East | County Durham | North East |
Peterlee West | County Durham | North East |
Pier | Tendring | East of England |
Pitsea North West | Basildon | East of England |
Pitsea South East | Basildon | East of England |
Poplars and Hulme | Warrington | North West |
Princes End | Sandwell | West Midlands |
Queensway | Wellingborough | East Midlands |
Redhill | Sunderland | North East |
Rock Ferry | Wirral | North West |
Roseworth | Stockton-on-Tees | North East |
Rother | Chesterfield | East Midlands |
Rush Green | Tendring | East of England |
Sandhill | Sunderland | North East |
Sandwith | Copeland | North West |
Seacombe | Wirral | North West |
Shard End | Birmingham | West Midlands |
Sheerness | Swale | South East |
Sheppey East | Swale | South East |
Shepway South | Maidstone | South East |
Shevington | Knowsley | North West |
Shildon and Dene Valley | County Durham | North East |
Shirebrook North West | Bolsover | East Midlands |
Shotton and South Hetton | County Durham | North East |
Sidley | Rother | South East |
Simonside and Rekendyke | South Tyneside | North East |
Smallbridge and Firgrove | Rochdale | North West |
Smith’s Wood | Solihull | West Midlands |
South Elmsall and South Kirkby | Wakefield | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Southcoates East | Kingston upon Hull, City of | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Southcoates West | Kingston upon Hull, City of | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Southey | Sheffield | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Southwick | Sunderland | North East |
Speke-Garston | Liverpool | North West |
St Andrew’s | Kingston upon Hull, City of | Yorkshire and The Humber |
St Anne’s | Sunderland | North East |
St Helens | Barnsley | Yorkshire and The Humber |
St Marys | Tendring | East of England |
St Michaels | Knowsley | North West |
St Oswald | Sefton | North West |
St Osyth and Point Clear | Tendring | East of England |
Stacksteads | Rossendale | North West |
Stainforth & Barnby Dun | Doncaster | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Stainsby Hill | Stockton-on-Tees | North East |
Staithe | Fenland | East of England |
Stanley | County Durham | North East |
Stechford and Yardley North | Birmingham | West Midlands |
Stockbridge | Knowsley | North West |
Stockland Green | Birmingham | West Midlands |
Stockton Town Centre | Stockton-on-Tees | North East |
Talavera | Northampton | East Midlands |
Tong | Bradford | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Town and Pier | Dover | South East |
Trimdon and Thornley | County Durham | North East |
Tunstall | Stoke-on-Trent | West Midlands |
Valley | Rotherham | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Vange | Basildon | East of England |
Wakefield East | Wakefield | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Walker | Newcastle upon Tyne | North East |
Walton | Tendring | East of England |
Warndon | Worcester | West Midlands |
Warren Park | Havant | South East |
Washington North | Sunderland | North East |
Waterlees Village | Fenland | East of England |
Weoley | Birmingham | West Midlands |
West Heywood | Rochdale | North West |
West Middleton | Rochdale | North West |
Whiteleas | South Tyneside | North East |
Windy Nook and Whitehills | Gateshead | North East |
Wingfield | Rotherham | Yorkshire and The Humber |
Woodhouse Close | County Durham | North East |
Woodhouse Park | Manchester | North West |
Woolsington | Newcastle upon Tyne | North East |
Yarmouth North | Great Yarmouth | East of England |
Yew Tree | Liverpool | North West |