During autumn, countless wildlife enthusiasts across the UK observe an unusual quietness settling over their outdoor spaces. The morning birdsong becomes barely audible and our feathered friends appear to have almost disappeared entirely.
If you’ve been wondering “where have all the birds gone?”, you’re certainly not the only one. Whilst some will have migrated, the seasonal shift means that numerous recognisable species are simply less noticeable. However, those that stay can still gain from your assistance, especially regarding sustenance.
The RSPB (The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds) advises we should continue providing bird food and water “on a regular basis” throughout autumn and winter.
And there’s one particular food it recommends: “Birds need high-energy, high-fat foods during cold weather.”
High-energy and high-fat foods comprise the following, which birds adore:
- Suet
- Peanuts
- Sunflower seeds
- Mealworms
“Mealworms are key for robins; they absolutely love them,” explains Sue Morgan, CEO of SongBird Survival. “But I think if you went with sunflower hearts and mealworms… robins would really like those.”
There are several considerations to remember when feeding birds in your garden, particularly regarding cleanliness and preventing illness.
“Always adjust the quantity given to the demand, and never allow uneaten foods to build up,” notes the RSPB. It’s also important to clear away old feed and inspect for signs of disease. If you have a bird bath, ensure you clean it regularly.
Following the breeding season, adult birds may feel worn out. Their feathers, essential for flight and insulation, could be damaged and frayed. To prepare for the challenges of winter ahead, birds undergo a complete feather replacement.
This process is incredibly energy-intensive, making birds more vulnerable and less inclined to spend time out in the open.
“Moulting is a physically demanding time for birds,” explains the RSPB. “They need to conserve energy, so they become much quieter and spend more time hidden amongst vegetation, making them less conspicuous.”
During spring and summer, birds are highly visible at feeders because natural food sources can be scarce, and they need a constant supply of energy to feed their young.
However, the autumn sees an explosion of natural food. Berries are ripe, seeds are abundant on plants, and insects are still plentiful. With a natural buffet available, birds spend less time queueing at feeders.
They disperse into hedgerows, woodlands, and garden shrubs, where they can forage for a diverse diet.
Moreover, juvenile birds, hatched during spring, are also becoming independent. They’re no longer reliant on their parents and are starting to venture into new areas.
This “dispersal” means they could relocate from their natal garden, leading to fewer recognisable visitors overall.
Although your garden might appear more subdued, the birds remain present, merely being more cautious. You can assist them during this challenging time by:
Providing water: fresh, clean water for drinking and bathing is crucial.
Leaving wild areas: resist the urge for a perfectly tidy garden. Piles of leaves, seed heads, and undisturbed shrubs provide vital shelter and food sources.
Offering high-energy foods: continue to put out quality bird seed, suet and fat balls, as these provide essential energy for moulting and winter preparation, especially when natural food supplies begin to dwindle later in autumn.