As the prospect of a major European conflict breaking out appears to be increasing given Russia’s aggression, there has been much talk about the possibility of reintroducing conscription in the UK. On the weekend, a member of the Defence Select Committee told the Express that a war between the UK and Russia would lead to a general mobilisation.
The last time that happened was at the time of World War 2. Despite the general call-up, there were exemptions, which are likely to apply in the event of another world war. Profession, age and medical condition were all factors determining who was exempt from obligatory military service and who was not.
People employed in key industries vital to keeping the country running would most likely be exempt from the draft.
During WW2, these professions included: baking, farming, medicine, coal mining and engineering.
While it’s likely the list of professions exempt would be adapted to the modern landscape, they indicate the types of roles considered important for keeping the country running.
Conscription in World War 2 initially only applied to men aged between 20 and 21.
However, it was quickly expanded to include all men between the ages of 18 and 41.
The British government introduced the National Service Act in 1948 to cover conscription in peacetime.
As a result, men aged 17 and 21 had to do military service for 18 months and were also put on the reserve list for four years.
The service time was increased to two years during the Korean War of 1950, but the reserve period was decreased by six months to compensate for the increased service time.
Certain medical conditions would also theoretically provide an exemption from being sent to the trenches.
The British Armed Forces today does not allow anyone suffering from hearing or vision problems to enlist.
Neurological conditions, severe skin conditions, psychiatric and cardiovascular issues could also provide grounds for exemption.
Those with bone or joint problems, such as chronic knee injuries, shoulder problems and a history of bone fractures, could also dodge the draft.
Theoretically, it could also be possible to refuse enlistment on the grounds of being a conscientious objector.
There were around 16,000 in World War 1 and 60,000 in World War 2. Those who objected had to appear before a tribunal to argue their case for refusing to join.