Africa is home to a number of fast-growing cities that are beginning to attract global attention. One of them also happens to be the continent’s highest capital city, sitting at around 2,355 metres above sea level. The city lies at the foot of Mount Entoto and is surrounded by hills and mountains. Its altitude also makes it the fourth highest capital city in the world.
Despite being close to the Equator, its elevation means it averages around 18C throughout the year. The city in question is Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia and one of Africa’s largest metro areas. According to Macrotrends, the city’s population in 2025 is estimated to be nearly six million, growing by over 4% year on year. That makes it one of the fastest growing cities on the continent and, by many definitions, a mega-city.
The city was founded in the late 19th century by Emperor Menelik II and became Ethiopia’s capital in 1889.
Since then it has developed into a major centre for politics, culture and economics.
Today, it is home to the headquarters of the African Union and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa.
Experts at Brilliant Ethiopia describe the city as a place where the country’s many ethnic groups and international residents come together.
The national language is Amharic, but English, French, Italian and Arabic are also spoken.
There are a number of well-known landmarks and attractions across the city.
The National Museum of Ethiopia is one of the most visited sites, where visitors can see the fossil of “Lucy,” one of the oldest human ancestors ever discovered.
Another site worth visiting is Meskel Square – a space used for religious festivals and demonstrations.
In September, it hosts the celebration of Meskel, a big Christian holiday marking the finding of the True Cross.
Mount Entoto, which rises to 3,200 metres above the city, is home to the Entoto Maryam Church and Menelik II’s former palace.
The area also offers views over the city and access to hiking routes.
Coffee is also extremely important in Ethiopian life, and Addis Ababa has no shortage of cafés and coffee chains.
What’s more, the city’s main market – Merkato – is said to be the largest open-air market in Africa.
It’s a busy area with narrow alleys and thousands of stalls selling everything from spices and textiles to electronics.
While the area is secure, visitors are advised to remain aware of their belongings.
According to World Atlas and Macrotrends, Addis Ababa continues to expand quickly, with rapid construction and infrastructure development taking place across the city.
