Scientists have developed a new painkiller that could provide powerful relief without the high caused by opioid drugs. Produced at Duke University School of Medicine in the US, the drug targets receptors on the nerves and spinal cords.
Researchers said opioid drugs such as morphine and codeine flood multiple cellular pathways indiscriminately. In contrast, their medication — known as SBI-810 — takes a more focused approach by activating only a specific pain-related pathway to avoid the euphoric high linked to addiction.
Study author Dr Ru-Rong Ji, an expert in anaesthesiology and neurobiology, said: “What makes this compound exciting is that it is both analgesic and non-opioid.”
Tests in mice showed the drug worked well on its own and, when used in combination with opioids, made them more effective at lower doses.
It also appeared to prevent side effects such as constipation and build-up of tolerance, the researchers said.
The team, who published their findings in the journal Cell, now hopes to launch human trials.
Researchers said SBI-810 could be a safer option for treating both short-term and chronic pain for those recovering from surgery or living with diabetic nerve pain.
Opioids are commonly used to treat short-term pain after surgery, a heart attack or trauma.
They can also be used to treat chronic conditions or long-term symptoms linked to cancer, heart failure or liver disease.
Opioids can provide highly effective pain relief but long-term use can lead to dependence, side effects such as excessive sleepiness or brain fod.
They can also make breathing shallower and have negative effects on the immune system.
